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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Yes, but hopefully just a little more predictable than the results of the rusty bolt!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Like the low-cost DAB transmitters, I guess it’s a consequence of the easy availability of software-defined radio hardware – now things that could be shown to be theoretically possible in terms of the complex mathematics involved, can now be relatively easily implemented, tested and refined quickly and cheaply.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>My own much simpler project in development is based on a $5 chip alternately acting as an FM receiver and then FM transmitter (same can be simply programmed to be either, and switches roles in a split second).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Alex<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk [mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Associated Broadcast Consultants<br><b>Sent:</b> 10 March 2017 14:22<br><b>To:</b> The Community Media Association Discussion List <cma-l@mailman.commedia.org.uk><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [cma-l] Singing posters and talking shirts stealing from your FM signal...<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Sounds like it is is a new version of "the rusty bolt"!<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I just discovered today that my company has just employed a PhD student to look at this technology. They are "uber-clever" chaps in our R&D department, so I think there might be something in it....<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Glyn<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On 10 March 2017 at 13:26, <<a href="mailto:tlr@gairloch.co.uk" target="_blank">tlr@gairloch.co.uk</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><p>Sort of, in that it is a product of intermodulation, but it's not 'spurious' in the sense that it is deliberate and controlled, chosen hopefully not to cause interference.<o:p></o:p></p><p>A plant is only a weed if it's not wanted!<o:p></o:p></p><p><span style='color:#888888'>Alex<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>On 10 March 2017 at 12:03 Ian Hickling <<a href="mailto:transplanfm@hotmail.com" target="_blank">transplanfm@hotmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-divtagdefaultwrapper"><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>So - for "backscatter" read "spurious sideband"?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-Signature"><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Ian Hickling</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Partner</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444'><br><br><a href="http://www.transplanuk.com/" target="_blank" id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-LPNoLP"><span style='color:#1155CC;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecx_x005f_x0000_i1025" src="http://www.transplanuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/transplan_UK_weblogo_190x60.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Office: 016 3557 8435 (07h to 22h GTS)</span></em><span style='color:#444444'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Car: 075 3098 0115 (only responds when driving)</span></em><span style='color:#444444'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>6 Horn Street, Compton, NEWBURY, RG20 6QS</span></em><span style='color:#444444'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=3 width="98%" align=center></div><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-divRplyFwdMsg"><p class=MsoNormal><strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>From:</span></strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'> <a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a> <<a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a>> on behalf of Alex Gray, Two Lochs Radio <<a href="mailto:tlr@gairloch.co.uk" target="_blank">tlr@gairloch.co.uk</a>><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Sent:</span></strong> 09 March 2017 13:30:55<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>To:</span></strong> 'The Community Media Association Discussion List'<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Subject:</span></strong> Re: [cma-l] Singing posters and talking shirts stealing from your FM signal...</span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>They don’t seem to be talking about inserting additional RDS data Ian, or indeed interfering with the RDS subcarrier in any way. If they only wanted data they point out they could use Bluetooth BLE, but this can’t carry audio. Their focus is on creating audio streams, and the option for data is simply to use the audio channels they are creating to carry FSK encoded data (ie a modem method). They needed massive error correction to achieve good data at a range of more than 2 metres, so the real throughput is reduced greatly.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>One of the three schemes they describe is ‘overlay backscatter’ in which they “overlay arbitrary audio on ambient FM signals to create a composite audio signal that can be heard using any FM receiver”. They propose generating this in the first or second adjacent channel (eg a few hundred kHz away from the host signal) because broadcast planning means that is almost always guaranteed to be empty</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Band II FM transmitters of 50nW or less don’t require a licence in the UK, so maybe they could get by with this for the audio version. However, they say they can achieve a range of up to 60 feet, which would usually need more like a microwatt of effective power.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>For using potentially white space in the multiplex spectrum they have Stereo backscatter which applies to stations that are essentially mono audio but do broadcast a stereo multiplex (eg news/talk stations). They backscatter data and audio on these to achieve what they say is “a low interference communication link.” Note not ‘interference free’!</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>They also have a subsidiary technique to trick FM receivers receiving mono FM signals by inserting the stereo pilot signal and inserting their own audio interference free as the stereo subcarrier – effectively locally turning the mono station into a stereo one (that doesn’t seem a very novel or complex idea, and easily workable, but how many powerful FM stations operate in mono mode nowadays?). </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Their third scheme requires two or more smartphones to cooperate to set up a sort of MIMO wireless scheme to null out the main FM transmission and give them cleaner reception of the intermodulated parasitic signal.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>NB any unlicensed use of RDS for non programme-related data (“private data”) is prohibited at the moment. The coming of RDS2 might make it a lot harder for them to make used of ‘unused portions of the stereo signal” since RDS2 fills in a lot more of the ‘white space’ in the current multiplex spectrum.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>But there’s still the question of legal provisions on unauthorized use of somebody else’s electricity (which have somewhat dubiously been used to prosecute hackers!), and of unauthorized interference with radio broadcasts.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Alex</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> <a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a>] <strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>On Behalf Of </span></strong>Ian Hickling<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Sent:</span></strong> 09 March 2017 12:31<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>To:</span></strong> The Community Media Association Discussion List <<a href="mailto:cma-l@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a>><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Subject:</span></strong> Re: [cma-l] Singing posters and talking shirts stealing from your FM signal...</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-divtagdefaultwrapper"><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>I think it's intimating that it can add on data in unused parts of the RDS section of a multiplex signal - eminently feasible - but I'd like to see how that propose achieving that.<br>And it would also requires licensing as a standalone transmitter.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-Signature"><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Ian Hickling</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Partner</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444'><br><br></span><a href="http://www.transplanuk.com/" target="_blank" id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-LPNoLP"><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1155CC;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=32 height=32 id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-_x005f_x0000_i1028" src="http://www.transplanuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/transplan_UK_weblogo_190x60.png" alt="https://ci4.googleusercontent.com/proxy/2SkDsnIzSZgRbNnNKBSiwxiFhFQWRGV55mTjVL23fulnJpstZmYxeKrrYefY4qxiSgkMrAETld64XINLXCsujE_zI5gAsQyWeCWvHixcrNYtar3Sij4YlVBgN2NSQ-n2DsgZvrnpWZlfwCQ=s0-d-e1-ft#http://www.transplanuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/transplan_UK_weblogo_190x60.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Office: 016 3557 8435 (07h to 22h GTS)</span></em><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Car: 075 3098 0115 (only responds when driving)</span></em><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'>6 Horn Street, Compton, NEWBURY, RG20 6QS</span></em><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=3 width="98%" align=center></div><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-divRplyFwdMsg"><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><strong><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>From:</span></strong> <a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'> <</span><a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>> on behalf of Associated Broadcast Consultants <</span><a href="mailto:info@a-bc.co.uk" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>info@a-bc.co.uk</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Sent:</span></strong> 09 March 2017 11:56:23<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>To:</span></strong> The Community Media Association Discussion List<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Subject:</span></strong> Re: [cma-l] Singing posters and talking shirts stealing from your FM signal...</span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Alternatively you could say the original transmission IS indeed unchanged. It is the identical signal broadcast from a big mast miles away and there is no way this system can change that.<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>What it's changing is the reflection environment from what I understand. Maybe a bit analagous to sonar or radar.<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>But maybe I understand wrongly!<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Glyn<br><br><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal>On 9 March 2017 at 11:42, Alex Gray, Two Lochs Radio <<a href="mailto:tlr@gairloch.co.uk" target="_blank">tlr@gairloch.co.uk</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Exactly Ian - I guess he means “…without <em>significantly</em> affecting the original transmissions…” or perhaps he’s found some new laws of physics. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Interesting technique though if you read the full details. Reminds me of the cunning Russian passively bugged ‘friendship’ emblem that sat in the US Embassy in Moscow for some time. Also the (apocryphal I think) tale of the farmer prosecuted for lighting his house using power tapped off the near field of the Droitwich log wave transmitter.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Alex</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><strong>From:</strong> <a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l-bounces@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a>] <strong>On Behalf Of </strong>Ian Hickling<br><strong>Sent:</strong> 08 March 2017 22:37<br><strong>To:</strong> The Community Media Association Discussion List <<a href="mailto:cma-l@mailman.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l@mailman.commedia.org.uk</a>><br><strong>Subject:</strong> Re: [cma-l] Singing posters and talking shirts stealing from your FM signal...<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-m_7424283220461521464divtagdefaultwrapper"><p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt;background:#F9F9F9'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>".......we developed a new way of communication where we send information by reflecting ambient FM radio signals that are already in the air, which consumes close to zero power.” The UW team has — for the first time — demonstrated how to apply a technique called “backscattering” to outdoor FM radio signals. The new system transmits messages by reflecting and encoding audio and data in these signals that are ubiquitous in urban environments, without affecting the original radio transmissions......"</span><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><br></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>Oh yeah? </span><o:p></o:p></p><div id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-m_7424283220461521464Signature"><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-m7424283220461521464ecxmsonormal style='line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Ian Hickling</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-m7424283220461521464ecxmsonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:17.05pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#222222'>Partner</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt'><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=90 height=33 id="m_-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-_x005f_x0000_i1027" src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br></span><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>www.avast.com</span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>Reply - <a href="mailto:cma-l@commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l@commedia.org.uk</a><br><br>The cma-l mailing list is a members' service provided by the Community Media Association - <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk</a><br>Twitter: <a href="http://twitter.com/community_media" target="_blank">http://twitter.com/community_media</a><br><a href="http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation</a><br>Canstream Internet Radio & Video: <a href="http://www.canstream.co.uk/" target="_blank">http://www.canstream.co.uk/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>Mailing list guidelines: <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>To unsubscribe or manage your CMA-L mailing list subscription please visit:<br><a href="http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l" target="_blank">http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><br><br clear=all><br>--<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal>Glyn Roylance - Principal Consultant<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal><a href="http://www.a-bc.co.uk/" target="_blank">Associated Broadcast Consultants</a><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=m-5684556959303101362ox-f18ed46389-msonormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1032" src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></blockquote><p><br> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal>_______________________________________________<br><br>Reply - <a href="mailto:cma-l@commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">cma-l@commedia.org.uk</a><br><br>The cma-l mailing list is a members' service provided by the Community Media Association - <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk</a><br>Twitter: <a href="http://twitter.com/community_media" target="_blank">http://twitter.com/community_media</a><br><a href="http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation</a><br>Canstream Internet Radio & Video: <a href="http://www.canstream.co.uk/" target="_blank">http://www.canstream.co.uk/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>Mailing list guidelines: <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>To unsubscribe or manage your CMA-L mailing list subscription please visit:<br><a href="http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l" target="_blank">http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>Reply - <a href="mailto:cma-l@commedia.org.uk">cma-l@commedia.org.uk</a><br><br>The cma-l mailing list is a members' service provided by the Community Media Association - <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk</a><br>Twitter: <a href="http://twitter.com/community_media" target="_blank">http://twitter.com/community_media</a><br><a href="http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/CommunityMediaAssociation</a><br>Canstream Internet Radio & Video: <a href="http://www.canstream.co.uk/" target="_blank">http://www.canstream.co.uk/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>Mailing list guidelines: <a href="http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/" target="_blank">http://www.commedia.org.uk/about/cma-email-lists/email-list-guidelines/</a><br>_______________________________________________<br><br>To unsubscribe or manage your CMA-L mailing list subscription please visit:<br><a href="http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l" target="_blank">http://mailman.commedia.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/cma-l</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br clear=all><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Glyn Roylance - Principal Consultant <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.a-bc.co.uk/" target="_blank">Associated Broadcast Consultants</a><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div>
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